Orthopaedic conditions include:

 

Arthritis - joint diseases producing inflammation and pain

• Osteoarthritis - a degenerative disease caused by the breakdown of cartilage within the joint

• Rheumatoid arthritis - caused by an over-reacting immune response depositing materials onto affected joints 

 

Joint (hip or elbow) dysplasia

Damaged or malformed joints resulting in the connecting bones being less firmly held in place

 

Osteochondrosis (OCD)

Cartilage in joints and at bone growth plates is not absorbed and replaced by bone as the animal grows. Instead the cartilage thickens and produces weak spots which can break off within or near the joint causing pain and inhibiting movement

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Spondylosis

An intervertebral disk disease where bony spurs (osteophytes) develop to "bridge" damaged vertebrae and stabolise the spine. Commonly occurs as a dog ages​

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Luxating patella

The kneecap moves out of position often causing pain and the leg to "lock out" away from the body. It usually rectifies itself once the quadriceps relax enough for the bone to drop back into place.